Some important trends are reshaping early childhood:
Screen use tends to increase over time to include more entertainment (versus exclusively educational viewing) –. 
Health routines, including family media use, are established more easily in early childhood than later on. They may be habit-forming, and early overexposure increases the likelihood of overuse in later life. Research recognizes important developmental differences between preschool and later childhood, and TV-based data have established that a child’s earliest screen encounters can be formative –. Screen time in older children and adolescents, children with neurodevelopmental disorders and environmental health concerns are beyond the scope of this statement. Recommendations are based on evidence and expert consensus. Potential benefits and risks were categorized into developmental, psychosocial and physical domains. A literature search into the effects of screen media on children younger than 5 years included systematic reviews, guidelines and policy statements on screen media exposure and use. ‘Digital media’ refers to content transmitted over the Internet or computer networks on all devices, unless particular ones are specified.Ī 2016 survey of Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) members found that parents sought advice about their children’s screen time in four main areas: duration (how much is too much?), setting limits, the effects on health and well-being and optimal content. ‘Screen time’ refers to time spent with any screen, including smart phones, tablets, television, video games, computers or wearable technology. This statement examines potential benefits and risks of screen exposure and use on children younger than 5 years, and provides evidence-based guidance for health professionals to help families. Keywords: Development Digital media Health Infant Preschool child Screen time BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGYĮxposure to digital media in Canadian family life is increasing, as are concerns about how screen time affects children and families. Knowing how young children learn and develop informs best practice strategies for health care providers. 
Evidence-based guidance to optimize and support children’s early media experiences involves four principles: minimizing, mitigating, mindfully using and modelling healthy use of screens. This statement examines the potential benefits and risks of screen media in children younger than 5 years, focusing on developmental, psychosocial and physical health.
The digital landscape is evolving more quickly than research on the effects of screen media on the development, learning and family life of young children.
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